String theory - Wikipedia
In bosonic string theory, spacetime is 26-dimensional, while in superstring theory it is 10-dimensional, and in M-theory it is 11-dimensional. In order to describe real physical phenomena using string theory, one must therefore imagine scenarios in which these extra dimensions would not be observed in experiments.
Why does bosonic string theory require 26 spacetime dimensions?
The value of 26 ultimately comes from the need to rid the theory of negative-norm states, as previously noted. This involves regularizing the sum $ \sum_{n=0}^\infty n, $ which of course diverges. One obtains a finite part equaling $-\frac{1}{12},$ which leads to the 24, and from there to 26 for the number of dimensions (25 space, 1 time).
spacetime - Why are there specifically 10, 11, or 26 dimensions in ...
I know that current string theories state that there are 10, 11, or 26 spacetime dimensions in superstring theory, M-theory, and bosonic string theory, respectively. But when I looked up why those
What are the 26 dimensions in the M theory? - Physics Forums
2011年2月11日 · The 26 dimensions in the M theory play a crucial role in explaining the fundamental forces and particles of the universe. They provide a more comprehensive understanding of how the universe works and how all the different branches of physics can be unified under one theory.
Bosonic string theory - Wikipedia
But, as was first noticed by Claud Lovelace, [1] in a spacetime of 26 dimensions (25 dimensions of space and one of time), the critical dimension for the theory, the anomaly cancels. This high dimensionality is not necessarily a problem for string theory, because it can be formulated in such a way that along the 22 excess dimensions spacetime ...
The 26 dimensions of Closed Unoriented Bosonic String Theory are interpreted as the 26 dimensions of the traceless Jordan algebra J3(O)o of 3x3 Octonionic matrices, with each of the 3 Octonionic dimenisons of J3(O)o having the following physical interpretation: 4-dimensional physical spacetime plus 4-dimensional internal symmetry space;
Abstract We give a lightning introduction to critical string theory, including the 26-dimensional bosonic string, the 10-dimensional superstrings and heterotic strings with and without spacetime supersymmetry. We also discuss open strings and D-branes, as well as the orientifold constructions, in ten dimensions.
Physical Interpretation of the 26 Dimensions of Bosonic String …
The 26 dimensions of Closed Unoriented Bosonic String Theory are interpreted as the 26 dimensions of the traceless Jordan algebra J3 (O)o of 3x3 Octonionic matrices, with each of the 3 Octonionic dimenisons of J3 (O)o having the following physical interpretation: 4-dimensional physical spacetime plus 4-dimensional internal symmetry space; 8 firs...
Physical Interpretation of the 26 Dimensions of Bosonic
2001年3月13日 · The 26 dimensions of Closed Unoriented Bosonic String Theory are interpreted as the 26 dimensions of the traceless Jordan algebra J3 (O)o of 3x3 Octonionic matrices, with each of the 3...
Superstrings from 26 dimensions - ScienceDirect
1986年9月15日 · Consistent closed superstrings are contained in the 26-dimensional bosonic closed string theory. We explain in detail how the states, operators and interaction vertices of superstrings emerge in this way. We also discuss possibilities for obtaining new string theories.