Nucleotide base - Wikipedia
Five nucleobases— adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T), and uracil (U)—are called primary or canonical. They function as the fundamental units of the genetic code, with the bases A, G, C, and T being found in DNA while A, G, C, and U are found in RNA.
1.1: Nitrogenous bases, Nucleosides and Nucleotides
A nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, deoxyribose (five-carbon sugar), and at least one phosphate group. The nitrogenous bases are purines such as adenine (A) and guanine (G), or pyrimidines such as cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).
Nucleic acid | Definition, Function, Structure, & Types | Britannica
2024年11月22日 · Each nucleic acid contains four of five possible nitrogen-containing bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). A and G are categorized as purines, and C, T, and U are collectively called pyrimidines. All nucleic acids contain the bases A, C, and G; T, however, is found only in DNA, while U is found in RNA.
Chemistry of nucleic acid bases, nucleotides & polynucleotides
Nucleic acids are made by connecting nucleotides via phosphodiester bonds. The repeating unit is the nucleotide. The nucleotide, in turn, is built from three components: a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group (Figure 14.2). There are two types of …
Nucleic Acid Base - SpringerLink
A nucleic acid base is a nitrogen heterocyclic compound found in nucleic acids – the most common nucleic acids being ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA). In RNA and DNA, nucleic acid bases take the form of substituted purines and pyrimidines and comprise one of the three characteristic components of nucleotides (the other ...
11.1: Structure and Function - Nucleic Acids - Biology LibreTexts
2021年8月23日 · These are a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and at least one phosphate. Molecules that contain only a sugar and a nitrogenous base (no phosphate) are called nucleosides. The nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids include adenine and guanine (called purines) and cytosine, uracil, or thymine (called pyrimidines).
Understanding biochemistry: structure and function of nucleic …
There are four different bases in DNA, the double-ring purine bases: adenine and guanine; and the single-ring pyrimidine bases: cytosine and thymine (Figure 1 B). The carbon within the deoxyribose ring are numbered 1′ to 5′.
Nucleotide - National Human Genome Research Institute
5 天之前 · A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA). A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T).
8.2.6: Nucleic Acids - Biology LibreTexts
2024年11月26日 · Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the genetic blueprint of a cell and carry instructions for the functioning of the cell. ... Deoxyribose is similar in structure to ribose, but it has an H instead of an OH at the 2′ position. Bases can be divided into two categories: purines and ...
The Structure and Function of DNA - Molecular Biology of the …
In this section we examine the structure of the DNA molecule and explain in general terms how it is able to store hereditary information. A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits. Each of …