Most ants have two morphologically differentiated adult castes - queens and workers - each irreversibly specialized for either reproduction or nonreproductive altruism such as foraging ...
Keller, L. Complex hybrid origin of genetic caste determination in harvester ants. Nature 424, 306–309 (2003). Monnin, T. & Ratnieks, F. Reproduction versus work in queenless ants: when to join ...
Most ants have two morphologically differentiated adult castes - queens and workers - each irreversibly specialized for either reproduction or nonreproductive altruism such as foraging, defense and ...