Both biotic factors, such as forest structure attributes, community-weighted mean of traits, and functional diversity, and abiotic factors, such as topography and soil properties, can impact this ...

In ecosystems ranging from natural landscapes to agricultural and urban settings, annual (crop species) and perennial (forest ...

Biotic close bioticLiving elements of an ecosystem, such as plants and animals. factors are interactions associated with living organisms. Competition will occur between organisms in an ecosystem ...